Steganography Tutorial

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One of the rapidly growing methods is steganography.In this steganography tutorial, we will cover steganography in detail.Before we begin, let me just list out the topics Ill be covering through the course of this blog.What is Steganography?How is Steganography different from Cryptography?Steganography TechniquesBest tools to perform SteganographyLets get started!Steganography Tutorial | How To Hide Text Inside The Image | EdurekaThis Steganography Tutorial will help you understand how to hide data from plain sight using various techniques and tools.What is Steganography? Steganography is the art and science of embedding secret messages in a cover message in such a way that no one, apart from the sender and intended recipient, suspects the existence of the message The diagram below depicts a basic steganographic model.As the image depicts, both cover file(X) and secret message(M) are fed into steganographic encoder as input. Steganographic Encoder function, f(X,M,K) embeds the secret message into a cover file. Resulting Stego Object looks very similar to your cover file, with no visible changes. This completes encoding. To retrieve the secret message, Stego Object is fed into Steganographic Decoder.Steganography Tutorial: Historical BackgroundSteganography is the practice of concealing a secret message behind a normal message. It stems from two Greek words, which aresteganos,means covered andgraphia,means writing. Steganography is an ancient practice, being practiced in various forms for thousands of years to keep communications private. For Example:The first use of steganography can be traced backto 440 BC when ancient Greece, people wrote messages on wood and covered it with wax, that acted as a covering mediumRomans used various forms of Invisible Inks, to decipher those hidden messages light or heat were usedDuring World War II the Germans introduced microdots, which were complete documents, pictures, and plans reduced in size to the size of a dot and were attached to normal paperworkNull Cipherswere also used to hide unencrypted secret messages inan innocent looking normal messageNow, we have a lot of modern steganographic techniques and tools to make sure that knows our data remains secret. Now you might be wondering if steganography is same as cryptography. No, they are two different concepts and this steganography tutorial presents you the main differences between them.How is Steganography different from Cryptography?At their core, both of themhave almost the same go al, which is protecting a message or information from the third parties.However, they use a totally different mechanism to protect the information.Cryptography changes the information to ciphertext which cannot be understood without a decryption key. So, if someone were to intercept this encrypted message, they could easily see that some form of encryption had been applied.On the other hand, steganography does not change the format of the information but it conceals the existence of the message.STEGANOGRAPHYCRYPTOGRAPHYDefinitionIt is a technique to hide the existence of communicationIts a technique to convert data intoan incomprehensible formPurposeKeep communication secureProvide data protectionData VisibilityNeverAlwaysData StructureDoesnt alter the overall structure of dataAlters the overall structure of dataKeyOptional, but offers more security if usedNecessary requirementFailureOnce the presence of a secret message is discovered, anyone can use the secret dataIf you possess th e decryption key, then you can figure out original message from the ciphertextSo, in other words, steganography is more discreet than cryptography when we want to send confidential information. The downside being, the hidden message is easier to extract if the presence of secret is discovered. For the remainder of this steganography tutorial, we will learn about different steganography techniques and tools.Steganography TechniquesDepending on the nature of the cover object(actual object in which secret data is embedded), steganography can be divided into five types:Text SteganographyImage SteganographyVideo SteganographyAudio SteganographyNetwork SteganographyLets explore each of them in detail.Text SteganographyText Steganography is hiding information inside the text files. It involvesthings like changing the format of existing text, changing words within a text, generating random character sequences or using context-free grammars to generate readable texts. Various techniques used to hide the data in the text are:Format Based MethodRandom and Statistical GenerationLinguistic MethodImage SteganographyHiding the data by taking the cover object as the image is known as image steganography. In digital steganography, images are widely used cover source because there are a huge number of bits present in the digital representation of an image. There are a lot of ways to hide information inside an image. Common approaches include:Least Significant Bit InsertionMasking and FilteringRedundant Pattern EncodingEncrypt and ScatterCoding and Cosine TransformationAudio SteganographyIn audio steganography, the secret message is embedded into an audio signal which alters the binary sequence of the corresponding audio file.Hiding secret messages in digital sound is a much more difficult process when compared to others, such as Image Steganography. Different methods of audio steganography include:Least Significant Bit EncodingParity EncodingPhase CodingSpread SpectrumThis meth od hides the data in WAV, AU, and even MP3 sound files.Video SteganographyIn Video Steganography you can hide kind of data into digital video format. The advantage of this type is a large amount of data can be hidden inside and the fact that it is a moving stream of images and sounds.You can think of this asthe combination of Image Steganography and Audio Steganography. Two main classes of Video Steganography include:Embedding data in uncompressed raw video and compressing it laterEmbedding data directly into the compressed data streamNetwork Steganography (Protocol Steganography)It is the technique of embedding information within network control protocols used in data transmission such TCP, UDP, ICMP etc. You can use steganography in some covert channels that you can find in the OSI model. For Example, you can hide information in the header of a TCP/IPpacket in some fields that are either optional.In todays digitalized world, various software tools are available for Steganography. In the remainder of this Steganography Tutorial, we will explore some of the popular steganographic tools and their capabilities.Best Tools to Perform SteganographyThere are many software available that offer steganography. Some offer normal steganography, but a few offer encryption before hiding the data. These are the steganography tools which are available for free:Stegosuiteis a free steganography tool which is written in Java.With Stegosuite you can easily hide confidential information in image files.Steghide isan open source Steganography software that lets you hide a secret file in image or audio file.Xiao Steganography is a free software that can be used to hide data in BMP images or in WAV files.SSuite Picsel is anotherfree portable application to hide text inside an image file but it takes a different approach when compared to other tools.OpenPuff is a professional steganographic tool where you can store files in image, audio, video or flash filesWell, these are few tools to perform steganography. There are many other different tools with different capabilities. However, you will get the desired results from these tools.So, we have reached the end of Steganographic Tutorial. Steganographywas developed for secure communication.However, criminals and terrorist organizations are using this for their own purpose. So, understanding how to hide data steganography, and prevent that data from being misused, can be very helpful for both attack and defense.If you wish to learn cybersecurity and build a colorful career in cybersecurity, then check out ourCybersecurity Certification Trainingwhichcomes with instructor-led live training and real-life project experience.This training will help you understand cybersecurity in depth and help you achieve mastery over the subject.Also, learn Cybersecurity the right way with Edurekas POST GRADUATE PROGRAMwithNIT Rourkela and defend the worlds biggest companies from phishers, hackers and cyber attacks.Got a question for us? 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